What is a "God Particle"?

God particle!!

THEORY:

God Particle

The term "The God particle" was introduced by the Physicist Leon Lederman in his 1993 popular science book, The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question?.The "God particle" is the nickname of a subatomic particle called the "Higgs boson". In layman’s terms, different subatomic particles are responsible for providing matter various properties.The most mysterious  property is mass.Particles like protons and neutrons, have mass.Others, like photons, do not. The Higgs boson, or “God particle,” is believed to be the particle which gives mass to matter. 

The “standard model” of particle physics is a system that tries to depict the forces, components, and reactions of the basic particles that make up matter.This model does have some major gaps, including gravity, and some experimental contradictions.This not only deals with atoms and their components, but the pieces that compose some subatomic particles.The model has prediction that there are certain elementary particles even smaller than protons and neutrons.The only particle predicted by the model which has not been experimentally verified is the “Higgs boson,” jokingly referred to as the “God particle.”The standard model is still on the developing stage.

Higgs Boson

Each of the subatomic particles contributes to the forces that cause all matter interactions. One of the most important, aspects of matter is mass.The standard model predicts that there is an elementary particle, the Higgs boson, which would produce the effect of mass..Science is not entirely sure why some particles seem mass-less, like photons, and others are “massive.”

In 1960s  the physicists started to think that there are close ties between two of the four basic forces between elements: the electromagnetic force the weak force. The two forces could be described by a unified theory, which forms the basis of the Standard Model. This unification implies that electricity, magnetism, light and radioactivity are all manifestations of a single underlying force called the electro-weak force.

In order for this unification to work mathematically, it requires that force-carrying particles have no mass.We come to the conclusion from experiments that it is not true.Physicists including François Englert, Peter Higgs and Robert Brout came up with a solution to solve this enigma or riddle.

They suggested that all particles had no mass just after the Big Bang. As the Universe cooled and the temperature fell below a critical value, an invisible field of force which became commonly know as the 'Higgs field' was created together with the associated particle and now it is called as the 'Higgs boson'. The field prevails throughout the cosmos: any particles that interact with it are given a mass by the Higgs boson.The more they interact, the heavier they become, whereas particles that never interact are left with no mass at all.

This idea given a preferable solution and well fitted with established theories and phenomena.

Confirmation of the Higgs boson would be a major milestone in our understanding of physics.

The nickname “God particle”  actually arose when the book "The God Particle: If the Universe Is the Answer, What Is the Question?" by Leon Lederman was published.The man who first proposed the Higgs boson’s existence, Peter Higgs, isn’t all that astonished by the name “God particle”.

god particle

Currently, efforts are under way to confirm the Higgs boson using the Large Hadron Collider, a particle accelerator in Switzerland, which should be able to confirm or refute the existence of the God particle.

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